Integrating Strategy, Management and Change (Strategy Development) Research Paper

Coordinating Strategy, Management and Change (Strategy Development) - Research Paper Example Scholarly specialists have brought up criticalness of execution estimation as far as both reasonable and hypothetical viewpoint. The idea of execution estimation is multidimensional in light of the fact that the model consolidates bookkeeping writing as well as other administration fields like activity and creation the executives, promoting and vital administration too. Hierarchical hypothesis model assumed critical job in creating execution estimation models, for example, Key Performance Indicator, Balance Scorecard and Performance Prism. Issue with the writing survey of execution estimation is disengagement due to unique and divided discoveries of exploration researchers. Analysts have attempted to make a connection between Organizational viability (OE) and execution estimation yet tragically just a couple of them have succeeded. Scholastic researchers have contended that authoritative adequacy assumes sincere job for planning non money related components of execution estimation ap paratuses. In 2000, Flamholtz and Aksehirli proposed a connection between budgetary part of execution estimation and authoritative achievement model. They broke down both budgetary and non monetary components of adjusted scorecard so as to test the theorized relationship. They tried eight sets of organizations of different enterprises and Average Return on Equity was utilized as a marker of money related execution. They utilized Friedman two way difference examination and discovered factually critical connection between money related part of execution estimation and authoritative achievement model (Flamholtz, 2003, pp. 15-26). Two Theoretical Perspectives for Strategic Performance Measurement Multidimensionality of execution consistently makes fracture for sending key execution estimation models. Multidimensionality of execution is exemplified because of association of complex money related and non monetary components. There is a typical confidence in the field of execution estimati on that if the new models, for example, Balance scorecard or Performance crystal are actualized, there will be generally hierarchical execution improvement (Bourne et al., 1999, pp. 373-95). Shockingly the conviction is somewhat obvious in light of the fact that effect of execution the board is a lot of affected by hierarchical goal. The investigation will be fragmented without referencing sway subsystems in execution estimation. Analysts have brought up that sending venture vital execution the executives is unquestionably increasingly successful in contrast with key execution estimation. In 2005, Neely has contended business pioneers need to embrace dynamic, adaptable and fit key execution estimation model so as to adapt to elements of outside condition (Neely, 2005, pp. 1264-77). In 1993, Platts has introduced an all encompassing methodology of key execution estimation as far as righteous pattern of learning association. Examination researchers (Slack,

Do the Right Thing Analysis Free Essays

Make the best choice, a film coordinated by Spike Lee, shot on a bright summer day in a dark neighborhood in Brooklyn is the thing that many think about an extraordinary film. The film depicts accounts of numerous on-screen characters comprising from various palettes, where every ha their own contentions and battles. It is an engaging film yet it will leave you genuinely associated with the occasions that occurred. We will compose a custom paper test on Make the best choice Analysis or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now It would not have arrived at its present achievement on the off chance that it wasn’t for the exceptional cinematography. In the coming segments I will discuss the shots, points, lighting styles, imagery and shading. Authenticity The authenticity of this film is truly clear, where Spike Lee was attempting to pass on the physical truth of the dark individuals who live in a socially different system. There were a few characters in the film and each had his own story, the progression of the, hopping from one character different gives the inclination that there is no control of the story, it’s the genuine article and this is the manner by which things move in Brooklyn in a course of events of twenty-four hours. Another motivation behind why this film is connected to authenticity is a result of the ethical issues, where for instance there would be a delicate scene about a scene, that justifies itself with real evidence and it is deciphered by the crowd in their own particular manner. Make the best choice might be additionally be considered as an exemplary since there was an attention on recounting to an extraordinary story however no that of one character yet many, and each had his/her own charm. It is the sort of motion pictures where you would need to return again and again to watch it. Shots Spike Lee is known for his ideal shots where he utilizes diverse focal point to give the film a distinctive look. The film differed from long shots, medium, close up and extraordinary close up. That is appeared from the earliest starting point of the film where the lady was moving and it nearly incorporated the entirety of the shots referenced previously. All through the film the procedure of including different shots were continually being utilized and were applied to all the characters. Figure 1A Extreme close up Figure 1B Close up Figure 1C Medium shot ' Figure 1D Long shot Figure 2A Extreme close up Figure 2B close up Figure 2C Medium shot Figure 2D Long shot The figures appeared above are only two instances of numerous where various shots are being taken of the. In Figure 2a-2b we have a case of the camera making an extraordinary close up, getting back experiencing the nearby, medium shot to arrive at the since quite a while ago shot, and afterward moving on a level plane to show the area. This procedure was utilized continually. I think the importance behind this method is to make the film as appear as sensible as could be expected under the circumstances. Spike Lee concentrated on the principle characters separately and afterward pulls sponsored to make a since a long time ago shot to show that character’s place in the area, which adds authenticity to the setting. Edges. In Spike Lee’s Do the Right Thing, he set up his camera in various positions and took shots at various points. A low edge is the point at which the subject is being shot from underneath. I accept that this edge gives the subject prevalence and makes him look ground-breaking. Figure 3 Figure 3 is where Radio Raheem was requesting pizza with his sound system being played and Sal was reprimanding him to turn it. Raheem looked scared so the low point shot adds to the terrorizing. As I would like to think this was flawless since Radio Raheem was a character that everybody is apprehensive off and intimidating should he looks as much as possible. I likewise believe that it added a little zest as far as possible, on the grounds that these steady shots of Raheem give a greater effect on the crowd when he kicks the bucket. In opposition to low edge shots, high edges are taken from above. The camera is set over the subject looking down. This kind of shot is to cause the subjects to seem irrelevant and it gives a general diagram of the scene Figure 4 Mother Sister Trauma. High edge see. The scene in Figure 4 is not long before the finish of the film where Sal’s eatery was torched in light of the fact that he was accused for Radio Raheem’s demise. These episodes gave Mother Sister an injury. I would not say that the high edge shot makes her irrelevant, however it would prefer to make her look undermined by the general review scene, that the high edge shot accomplishes. The viciousness closes with this scene, which in my perspective is a sensational one. Mother Sister is the adorable individual, everybody gazes upward excessively her however she was shouting like a crazy person, at that point the high edge shot of all the obliteration around gives an emotional consummation of that scene. There were many eye level shots taken in the film. An Eye level shot is the point at which the subject is being recorded close to eye level. What I think Spike Lee was attempting to do with these eye level shots if to place the crowd in a similar balance of the characters. The feathered creature eye see is the shot taken overhead. It makes individuals in the scene look little. Figure 5 Bird eye shot, last scene. A case of a feathered creature eye shot is appeared in Figure 5, the last scene. This scene is one of the most significant of the film. The film envisions a 24 hour timetable, so all the episode s that occurred, from awakening to consuming Sal’s kitchen occurred in one day, which as I would like to think is a great deal of action in an area. This last scene that causes the area to give off an impression of being god like is stunning, after all the savagery that separated, it appears as though nothing occurred. Individuals are playing ball; DJ love daddy is discussing another subject overlooking what happened the previous evening. Consistently is another page for this individuals. Diagonal shots will be shots taken at a tilted point. Straight lines become diagonals which gives a shot a mind-boggling feeling in a precarious world. Figure 6A Oblique shot, Mayor Figure 6B Oblique shot, MotheSister The discussions between the Mayor and Mother Sister where taking at a slanted point. I think the explanation for this is to feature the unsteady a lopsided connection between them. Lighting styles The film occurred on a blistering day in summer, since it is an anecdote about a film around one day, lighting is going to change from splendid in the first part of the day, more splendid toward the evening, less more brilliant at dusk, night which is dim lastly the following morning. There was a great deal of accentuation on how it was extremely hot, so it is significant that the splendor to stick out. Spike Lee sort of gave us how hot it is. There was where could see the warmth waves encompassing the tree elderly people men on the walkway. The lighting in the mob scene at long last was incredible, it was extremely practical and it caught the crowd inwardly, particularly the individuals who have recollections of such uproars. Imagery I accept that there was a great deal of imagery in the film; in reality each character represented something, of the battle in a dark neighborhood. For instance, Sal and the Korean represent the incongruity of them taking more cash from the dark network more than the organizations of the blacks themselves, and they don't live in the area. The simple-minded person and the photos of Marter L. Ruler and Malcom X are associated, where there is a twofold sorrow, first is on the person himself, I think individuals felt frustrated about him, and the subsequent despondency was the token of Malcom X and Martin dying, both these variables most likely influenced the crowd inwardly. Buggin’out needs African Americans on the divider in Sal’s café; Radio Raheem is launching battle the force tune. There are numerous others images in this film and the nature, area and story it requires these imageries, that adds al little zest to film and influences the crowd inwardly. Shading Like the lighting the shading causes us partner to the climate. Various tones running from orange, red, and yellow were utilized. These hues can likewise be deciphered in the characters feelings. The fundamental shading was red to accentuate that it is hot. He utilizes different hues in more settled spot, for example, in Mookie’s girlfriend’s room, which was blue. I accept that Spike Lee sister a great job in messing with hues Conclusion Do the proper thing is a film that gets you to think. You receive snickers in return some others cry. The procedures utilized in the films are the motivation behind why it is viewed as an effective film. The manner in which he depicted the dark network battling from the various scenes and characters will leave an effect on whoever watches the film. Instructions to refer to Do the Right Thing Analysis, Papers

The Joy of Solitude (and Why Its Great to Be Alone at Times)

The Joy of Solitude (and Why It’s Great to Be Alone at Times) What happens wh?n you f??l ?v?r?tr?t?h?d? When it ???m? lik? th? world i? weighing d?wn ?n ??u, ?r ??u ?r? just tir?d ?f th? d??’? fr?nz??You t?k? a m?m?nt t? yourself, wh?r? it’? ju?t ??u ?nd ??ur th?ught?.This m?m?nt h?l?? ??u to t?k? ??ur mind off th? ?r???ur?? ?f the d?? ?nd just relax.In thi? moment, you ?r? ?nj??ing what is called ??litud?.In ?ur world t?d??, w? live in a f??t ????d ?nvir?nm?nt wh?r? thing? ?r? d?n? ?ui?kly, m??tl? with the ?id of t??hn?l?g? though, and you are expected to deliver outstanding results in a very short time.W? ?ll need a littl? alone tim? to unwind ?nd restore our mind ?nd b?d?, w? n??d solitude.Solitude i? d?fin?d ?? th? ?t?t? ?r ?u?lit? ?f b?ing alone fr?m ?th?r?.It involves taking time f?r ??ur??lf, ?nd ?nj??ing th? ????? ?f being in your own ??m??n? wh?r? you g?t t? think deep ?nd ?r??tiv?l?.When ??u f??l stressed ?ut ?r ?v?r l??d?d, ?ith?r fr?m w?rk ?r ?th?r ??tiviti?? of the day, w? t?nd t? ?v?rr???t t? the ?light??t provocation.For inst ance, when you are having a b?d day or f??ling ?v?rwh?lm?d with work. Think of h?w ??u will react t? th? ?light??t ?r?v???ti?n. Y?u would m??t likely r???t irr?ti?n?ll? b???u?? you feel ?git?t?d and h?v? n?t h?d any tim? to yourself.Some ???u??ti?n? require ??litud?.J?b? where ??u h?v? to think ?r??tiv?l? r??uir? ??litud? for ??u to be ?r?du?tiv?.Writ?r? m??t often writ? in ??litud? b???u?? it is in ??litud? that im?gin?ti?ns are ?t it? ???k. Ev?n writing thi? ?rti?l? h?d me seeking ??litud? t? ?ll?w m? ?r??tivit? fl?w.Music ??m????r?, ?dit?r?, analysts, ?r?gr?mm?r? and a l?t ?f ?th?r ??r??r? d?m?nd th?t ??u live a lif? of ??litud?. Solitude ?ll?w? u? t? refresh ?ur mind? ?nd g?t in t?u?h with ourselves.If you ?r? ?n introvert, you ?lr??d? kn?w th? f??ling of solitude but ??u ?r?b?bl? didn’t kn?w its b?n?fit?.Irr?????tiv? of ??ur nature, introvert ?r ?xtr?v?rt, everyone n??d? that ?l?n? tim? and can b?n?fit fr?m ??litud?.DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SOLITUDE AND LONELINESS A l?t ?f ????l? t ?nd t? ??nfu?? solitude with l?n?lin???. They may seem similar, ?in?? b?th ?r? characterized by b?ing ?l?n?, but th?? diff?r in h?w th?? refer t? the j?? or pain ?f b?ing ?l?n?.L?n?lin??? ??n be d?fin?d ?? a ??m?l?x ?nd un?l????nt emotional response t? i??l?ti?n or l??k ?f ??m??ni?n?hi?.Here, un?l????nt is th? key w?rd.Solitude on the other hand is the same, except that this time, it’s the opposite of “painful”. You get relief in solitude.H?nn?h Arendt clearly ?x?l?in? th? diff?r?n?? between solitude ?nd l?n?lin??? in her b??k, Th? Origins ?f T?t?lit?ri?ni?m. She ????:“The lonely m?n find? himself ?urr?und?d b? others with wh?m h? cannot ??t?bli?h ??nt??t or t? wh??? h??tilit? he is exposed. Th? ??lit?r? man, on th? ??ntr?r?, i? ?l?n? ?nd th?r?f?r? can be t?g?th?r with him??lf. In ??litud?, ?n th? ??ntr?r?, I am by myself, together with m???lf, and therefore tw?-in-?n?, wh?r??? in l?n?lin??? I ?m ??tu?ll? ?n?, deserted b? all others. All thinking, ?tri?tl? ????king, i? done in ??litud? ?nd i? a di?l?gu? ?f th?ught.”I. Solitude Is Adventurous, Loneliness Is NotBeing alone t?k?? ??u on an ?dv?ntur? in ??ur mind. Y?u therefore ?h???? how ??u respond t? it b? ??ur ?ttitud?.In K?ith Harrrell’s b??k, Attitud? i? Ev?r?thing, h? states th?t even though your attitude i? ??ur “m??t priceless ???????i?n”, ??u have t? d?v?l?? it b? t?king r????n?ibilit? ?nd “m?nit?ring your int?rn?l di?l?gu? to stay ???itiv? even in the m??t ?h?ll?nging tim??”.That’s it!Th? thin lin? that diff?r?nti?t?? ??litud? and l?n?lin??? i? ??ur attitude.Th? w?? you reason ?nd react t? ??ur ?nvir?nm?nt.L?t m? ??int a ???n?ri?: I am alone in my house, my r??mm?t? just l?ft t?wn f?r th? w??k?nd with her parents. There’s no ?n? ?r?und ?? I ?t?rt to f??l ??d, wishing I had ??m??n? to t?lk t? ?r w?t?h the l?t??t ??i??d? of Th? H?ndm?id’? Tale with.At thi? ??int, the f??ling of l?n?lin??? creeps in ?nd slowly turn? into d??r???i?n.You ?n th? other h?nd, in this same ?itu?ti?n, ar e not bothered b? ?t??ing ?l?n?.In f??t you ?r? happy with ??ur ??litud? ?nd inv??t in ??ur mind. Y?u l?t ??ur ?r??tivit? pour b? ?ith?r writing, ?inging, coking or ?v?n d???r?ting.In thi? case, ??u h?v? ?h???n to t?k? th? ???itiv? r?ut? ?f being ?l?n?.A? th?? say, if you ??nn?t be h???? in ??ur own ??m??n?, then you ??n’t r??ll? be h???? in the company of others.This only ??int? ?ut to th? fact th?t if ??u ??nn?t ???r??i?t? yourself and enjoy your ?wn company, you ?h?uld n?t ?x???t others t? do ??.II. Loneliness Is Painful And Sad, Solitude Is NotLoneliness is a n?g?tiv? ?nd painful state of b?ing ?l?n?. It giv?? one th? f??ling ?f depression when l?ft ?l?n?.In th?ir minds, th?? have b??n cut ?ff from ????l? so they f??l rejected, unimportant, ?x?lud?d or unnoticed.“L?n?lin??? ?x?r????? the pain ?f being ?l?n? and ??litud? ?x?r????? the gl?r? ?f being alone.”Paul Tilli?hWhen you ?r? l?n?l?, ??u feel isolated from th? w?rld, like th? wh?l? w?rld i? g?ing ?n with?ut ??u.Y?u f?? l th?r?’? ??m?thing mi??ing in ??ur lif?.Y?u have ??m?thing in your mind th?t ??u want to ?h?r? but h?v? no ?n? t? ?h?r? it with so ??u feel like th? w?rld h?? d???rt?d ??u.Th?t’? th? feeling ?f l?n?lin???. It m?k?? u? f??l in??m?l?t?.Y?u ??n b? in th? ?r???n?? ?f ????l? but ?till f??l lonely.W? mu?t h?v? ?x??ri?n??d thi? one w?? or th? other when ??u ?r? with ????l?, ??? a gathering, and ??u don’t seem to ??nn??t w?ll with others, so ??u r???il and watch others mingle ?nd think t? yourself, “they ?r?b?bl? d?n’t w?nt m? h?r? th?t’? wh? I’m b?ing ign?r?d”, ?r “I’m diff?r?nt fr?m th?m ?? th?? ??n’t ?????t m?”.Y?u see wh?t ??u are doing right h?r??Y?u are creating that n?g?tiv? ?n?rg? and feeling ?f l?n?lin???.It may b? a normal thing b???u?? hey, we ?r? hum?n? and w? h?v? feelings, ?nd n??d t? f??l l?v?d ?r ?????t?d, but wh?t if you turn th?t negative feeling int? a positive one wh?r? ??u d?n’t h?v? to f??l depressed fr?m being ?l?n? ?nd in?t??d r?v?l in ??ur ?l?n?n???.III. Loneliness Is Depressing, Solitude Is NotIn ??litud?, w? are happy with ourselves and ??tu?ll? enjoy ju?t b?ing ?l?n?. It allow us t? r?fl??t ?n ourselves, f?mil?, fri?nd?, life, and ?v?n th? futur?.Also in this ?t?t?, ?ur mind? g?in? ?tr?ngth and learns t? lean on itself.However, when lonely, w? f??l unh???? ?nd in??m?l?t?, like there is a v?id th?t should b? filled b? someone ?l??.Oft?n tim??, w? tend t? ?lign b?ing ?ingl? with l?n?lin???, thinking th?t a person is l?n?l? b???u?? h? or she i? single, which i? n?t n??????ril? th? case.A single ??r??n i? ?l?n?, n?t l?n?l?.In f??t, r????r?h ?h?w? that ??m? ?ingl? people are more ??nt?nt, ???i?bl?, self-sufficient ?nd fulfilled th?n ????l? in r?l?ti?n?hi??.S?m? people ?h???? t? r?m?in ?ingl? ?nd ??m? even ?h???? to isolate themselves, hence tagged ‘loners’ by others. Th??? “l?n?r?” m?? ??tu?ll? b? r?v?ling in their ??litud? ?nd m?king m??t of their ?l?n? tim?.Oft?ntim??, l?n?r? are wh? th?? ?r? b???u?? they hav e been l?t d?wn b? ????l? who th?? ?ut their trust in ?v?r ?nd ?v?r again, thus th?? have d??id?d to tru?t ?nl? themselves ?nd liv? in ??litud?.Many people g? int? relationships ju?t because ?f the f??r ?f b?ing alone. They br??k up fr?m a relationship and one week l?t?r, they are in a n?w ?n?.Even in that one w??k ?f b?ing ?ingl?, th?? ?r? so d????r?t? f?r ??m??ni?n?hi? th?t th?? d?n’t l??k b?f?r? th?? leap.Such people ?r?b?bl? d?n’t kn?w th? joys ?f ??litud? and have n?t und?r?t??d the ????n?? ?f being alone.A???rding to ????h?l?gi?t, N??l Burt?n, l?n?lin??? i? the m?nif??t?ti?n ?f th? ??nfli?t between ?ur d??ir? f?r meaning and the ?b??n?? ?f meaning fr?m th? univ?r??.H? also ?t?t?? th?t l?n?lin??? i? ??rt and ??r??l ?f th? human condition ?nd unl??? a person is resolved, it will ?lw??? r??urf???.That i? to ??? that ????l? wh? feel in??m?l?t? wh?n ?l?n? will ?lw??? h?v? that fear ?f l?n?lin??? unl??? th?? change th?ir attitude t?w?rd? ?l?n?n??? ?nd ??nditi?n their mind? t? ?? ?itiv?l? ??kn?wl?dg? ??litud?.IV. Solitude Gives Us A Sense Of Self-Awareness And Feeling Of Rejuvenation, Loneliness Does NotAn?th?r diff?r?n?? b?tw??n solitude ?nd l?n?lin??? i? that whil? solitude giv?? u? a ??n?? ?f ??lf-?w?r?n??? ?nd f??ling of r?juv?n?ti?n, l?n?lin??? f??l? lik? punishment and gives u? a ??n?? of d?fi?i?n?? ?nd in?d??u???.In solitude, w? f??l lik? w? can conquer th? world.It awakens ?ur creativity and gives us fr??h in?ight and und?r?t?nding ?f i??u??.Thi? i? wh? people like to h?v? a quiet m?m?nt to th?m??lv?? before the ru?h of th? day, so that they can reflect and ??? the potentials ?f the d??, ?? t? ???.W? find joy in going within and ??nn??ting t? ?ur mind?, ju?t thinking of th? v?ri?u? ????ibiliti?? th?t lie ?h??d.S?litud? ?x??nd? ??ur horizon as you ?r? ?bl? t? ??? beyond th? ?v?r?g? mind.Writ?r, P?tri?i? Highsmith says, “My im?gin?ti?n functions better wh?n I d?n’t h?v? to speak t? ????l?.”This ?h?w? th?t in solitude, your mind w?rk? at a faster pace th?n wh?n ?urr?und?d b? ????l?.L?n?lin???, ?n the other h?nd, m?k?? ??u f??l lik? th? w?rld i? ?r??hing ?t ??ur f??t. It l??v?? ??u with a sense of dejection, like ??u have b??n cast ?ut from the ???i?t?.Y?u feel lik? ??u ?r? n?t u? t? th? “?t?nd?rd” ?r ??u l??k something th?t will m?k? ??u t? be lik? ?v?r? other ??r??n.S?m?tim?? ??u might even f??l lik? ??ur l?n?lin??? i? a f?rm ?f ?uni?hm?nt for your in?d??u???.But thi? i? ?ll in ??ur h??d really.If ??u begin t? relish ??ur ?l?n? tim? ?nd convert ?ll your n?g?tiv? th?ught? to ???itiv? thinking, ??u will ??? th? im???t of ??litud?. In military settings ?r ?ri??n?, ??lit?r? confinement i? given ?? ?uni?hm?nt.V. Solitude Is A Choice, Loneliness Is NotAn?th?r important f??t?r th?t distinguishes ??litud? fr?m l?n?lin??? i? th? f??t th?t ??litud? is a ?h?i??.I ?h???? to b? in ??litud? b???u?? I want to rejuvenate and grow.Loneliness h?w?v?r, is im????d ?nd weighs a ??r??n d?wn. It d??l?t?? us ?nd m?k?? u? feel lik? a w??t? of ? ???? ?r invisible.S?m?tim??, loneliness ??nn?t ?v?n be resolved b? ??m??n?. When loneliness creeps in, you feel di???nn??t?d n?t ju?t fr?m ????l?, but from ??ur ?wn self. B???u?? ??u did n?t ?h???? t? b? ?l?n?, ??u cannot manage yourself to function ?r???rl?.S? wh?r??? solitude brings j??, l?n?lin??? bring? unhappiness.L?n?lin??? is v?r? damaging. It ??uld l??d to ??lf-l??thing, self-rejection ?nd desolation.Lonely people t?nd t? ??t and drink more, w?rk ?ut ?nd ?l??? l???.According t? research, they are at a higher ri?k of d?v?l??ing ????h?l?gi??l ?r?bl?m? ?u?h ?? ?l??h?li?m, depression, and ????h??i?, ?nd physical ailments ?u?h as inf??ti?ns, ??n??r, ?nd ??rdi?v???ul?r di?????.THE BATTLE AGAINST BEING IN SOLITUDEF?r m?n? ?f u?, th? idea ?f being ?l?n? conjures u? a sense of dread.M??b? it’? th? ??n?? ?f b?r?d?m, or th? f??ling? ?f isolation, ?r being f?r??d to confront ?ur ?wn th?ught?.In fact, a recent study in th? j?urn?l Science ?h?w?d that people w?uld rather giv? themselves ?l??tri? shocks than b? alone with their th?ught? f?r ju?t 15 minut??.But turn? ?ut, there’s a difference b?tw??n b?ing alone and feeling lonely.Ev?n th?ugh w? may use th? ?hr???? int?r?h?ng??bl? in ??nv?r??ti?n, ????h?th?r??i?t ?nd HuffP??t blogger R??? R???nb?rg, wh? also ?uth?r?d The Hum?n Magnet S?ndr?m?: Why We L?v? People Wh? Hurt U?, explains th?t th??’r? ??tu?ll? tw? distinct ??n???t?.Th? m?in distinguisher: B?ing ?l?n? is a physical description (meaning when we ?r? alone, w? ?r? ju?t not with ????l?), while l?n?lin??? is a f??ling th?t often i? ?x??ri?n??d as n?g?tiv? ?nd ??inful ?nd u?u?ll? ??m?? fr?m within. “Y?u can b? ?l?n? and h????, you ??n be alone and l?n?l?,” R???nb?rg explains. “The id?? ?f b?ing alone i? wh?t you make ?f it.”M?n? people wh? ?truggl? with f??ling? of l?n?lin??? ??n link th?ir struggles t? deeper r??t?.A???rding t? R???nb?rg, l?n?lin??? i? a f??ling fu?ll?d b? tr?um?, l??? ?nd gri?f, a l??k of ??lf-??t??m, ?nd in???urit?.Those wh? l??d h??lth?, balanced lives are better ??ui???d to face th??? n?g?tiv? ?x??ri?n??? because they have b?th internal ?nd ?xt?rn?l r???ur??? th?t help guid? th?m thr?ugh th? process â€" fr?m a sense ?f ??mmunit? t? a ?tr?ng ?nd positive ??lf-??n???t.“Loneliness is a normal ??rt ?f th? hum?n ?xi?t?n??,” Rosenberg ????. “W? ?ll feel l?n?l?, but ?hr?ni?, ??th?l?gi??l l?n?lin??? is a deeply embedded pattern th?t i? self-reinforcing. It’s a self-fulfilling prophecy. H??lth?, r??ili?nt ????l? respond t? normal l?n?lin??? b? r???lving it. Unh??lth? people b???m? overwhelmed by it.”P?r??n?lit? t??? i? ?l?? a big f??t?r wh?n it ??m?? t? wh? ?x??ri?n??? di???mf?rt fr?m b?ing ?l?n?.Intr?v?rt? â€" wh? l??? ?n?rg? from b?ing ?r?und ?th?r? â€" may find ?l?n? tim? more d??ir?bl? than ?xtr?v?rt?, wh? instead g?in ?n?rg? from the ??m??n? ?f ?th?r?.“If ??u’r? ?n extrovert, ??u ?r? ??mf?rt?bl? ?nd feel compelled to b? around other ????l?. It is just the w?? you are g?n?ti??ll? ??t up. If ??u†™r? an ?xtr?v?rt and you’re not ?r?und ????l?, ??u f??l un??mf?rt?bl? and if ??u’r? psychologically healthy, ??u use internal ?nd external resources t? b? ?r?und people,” R???nb?rg ?x?l?in?.“If ??u’r? ?n intr?v?rt ?nd ??u lik? being ?l?n?, th?t’? ?l?? ??m?l?t?l? ????h?l?gi??ll? healthy. You ??n be very ???ur? ?nd ??lf-??nfid?nt ?nd ?till b? very n?rv?u? ?r?und crowds of ????l?, but ??u h?v? fri?nd? ?nd l?v?d ones, ?nd th??? ?r? th? resources that make ?n introvert f??l just fin? wh?n th??’r? alone.”At th? end of the d??, wh?th?r ??u’r? an intr?v?rt or ?n extrovert, ?ll hum?n? ?x??ri?n?? f??ling? ?f loneliness.M?n? d? ?? during th? times th?? are physically ?l?n?, notwithstanding, it doesn’t h?v? t? b? that w??.WHY DO WE NEED SOLITUDE ONCE IN A WHILE? 1. Solitude Increases ProductivityPeople w?rk b?tt?r in th?ir ?l?n? tim?. Wh?n w? are alone, w? can ??n??ntr?t? more ?nd think.Basically, if ??u h?v? ??m??n? t?lling you a ?t?r? whil? you ?r? trying t? w?rk, b??i??ll ?, ??u ??nn?t ??? full ?tt?nti?n t? ??ur work.At b??t ??u’d multit??k.Alth?ugh ?? m?n? offices h?v? started ?r??ting open fl??r ?l?n? so ?v?r??n? can ??mmuni??t? m?r? ???il?, ?tudi?? ?h?w being ?urr?und?d by ????l? kill? ?r?du?tivit?.People ??rf?rm b?tt?r wh?n th?? h?v? a littl? ?riv???.2. Creativity And Efficiency Need Solitude To ThriveS?litud? gives us ??rmi??i?n t? ?ui?t ?ur mind and ?r??t? ????? for fresh in?ight? t? blossom. W?n??d ??litud? t? ??lv? ?r?bl?m?, find answers, ?nd l?t new discoveries emerge.Cr??tiv? in?ight? m?? ??m? slowly ?r ?? a sudden burst, but ?ui?t contemplation i? wh?t br??d? curiosity.Wh?n we ?r? ?l?n? w? ??n discover wh?t makes u? f??l alive; we engage in ??tiviti?? that bring u? j??, ?nd we ??n imm?r?? ?ur??lv?? in th??? activities with?ut distraction.Fr??d?m fr?m di?tr??ti?n clears the mind and ?ll?w? th? br?in a chance to r???t ?nd re-focus.Even the boredom which ?ft?n ??m?? with ??litud? contributes to th? ?r??tiv? ?r?????. If we do not h?v? ?m?t? time, there i? n? ????? f?r in??ir?ti?n t? ??m? thr?ugh.A? mu?h as we tr? to ?v?id boredom, ?itting with it has a purpose, ?? author Ch?r?l Strayed states, “Th? u??l??? d??? will ?dd u? to ??m?thing….th??? thing? ?r? ??u’r? b???ming.”We ?r? ?nl? b?red wh?n we do n?t kn?w ?ur??lv??, we ?r? w?iting for ??m?thing, ?nd if w? k??? waiting, w? will di???v?r it.T?k? for example the r????r?h ?f R??d L?r??n, professor of hum?n d?v?l??m?nt ?nd family studies ?t th? University of Illin?i? ?t Urb?n?-Ch?m??ign, wh? h?? studied th? ?ff??t? solitude h?? ?n the development ?nd l?ng-t?rm well-being ?f t??n? ?nd ?d?l????nt?.H? f?und th?t whil? b?ing ?l?n? i? “n?t a particularly happy state” in th? m?m?nt, it n?n?th?l??? h?? what Larson ??ll? a “kind ?f a r?b?und ?ff??t. It’? kind ?f lik? a bitt?r m?di?in?,” he ????, ?r??ting m?r? ???itiv? emotions and l??? ??lf-r???rt?d d??r???i?n d?wn the lin?.3. Self-Healing Through MeditationOf course, m?dit?ti?n i? ????ibl? only in a ?ui?t, peac eful ?nvir?nm?nt, ?nd ?u?h an ?nvir?nm?nt ??n b? ??hi?v?d ?nl? in solitude.M?dit?ting whil? ??u ?r? in solitude i? lik? ?h??ting many bird? with ?n? stone: you g?in ?ll th? previous b?n?fit?, while you ?r? ?l?? ?bl? to ?x??ri?n?? self-healingâ€"the r??ult? of studies h?v? shown that r?gul?r meditation b???t? th? body’s levels of “?nti-?tr??? h?rm?n??” lik? dopamine, ??r?t?nin, m?l?t?nin, GAB? ?nd DHEA, ?nd thereby enhances th? body’s immunit? t? di?????? ?nd ?????it? t? h??l.4. Alone Time Can Enhance The Quality Of Your Relationships With OthersBy ???nding tim? with yourself and g?ining a better und?r?t?nding ?f who you ?r? ?nd what ??u desire in life, ??u’r? m?r? likely t? make b?tt?r choices about wh? and wh?t ??u want t? b? around.You ?l?? m?? ??m? to ???r??i?t? ??ur r?l?ti?n?hi?? m?r? ?ft?r you’ve ???nt ??m? tim? ?l?n?.5. Better MemoryThe r??ult? of some studies th?t were ??r?full? d??ign?d t? t??t the effects ?f solitude ?n memory r?t?nti?n indi??t? ???itiv? ?nh?n?i ng ?ff??t? on m?m?r?.In H?rv?rd, for example, th? results of a ?tud? ??ndu?t?d b? graduate ?tud?nt B?th?n? Burum, ?t?rt?d with a ?im?l? ?x??rim?nt: Burum placed tw? individuals in a room ?nd h?d th?m spend a few minut?? g?tting to know ???h ?th?r.They th?n sat b??k to b??k, ???h f??ing a ??m?ut?r ??r??n th? ?th?r ??uld n?t see. In some cases they w?r? told th??’d both b? d?ing th? ??m? t??k, in ?th?r cases th?? w?r? t?ld they’d b? doing diff?r?nt things.The ??m?ut?r ??r??n ??r?ll?d thr?ugh a ??t of drawings ?f ??mm?n ?bj??t?, ?u?h ?? a guitar, a clock, and a l?g.A f?w d??? later the ??rti?i??nt? returned ?nd w?r? ??k?d t? recall whi?h dr?wing? th??’d b??n ?h?wn.Burum found th?t the participants who had b??n t?ld th? ??r??n behind them w?? d?ing a diff?r?nt task â€" namely, identifying ??und? rather th?n l??king at ?i?tur?? â€" did a better job ?f remembering th? pictures.In ?th?r w?rd?, they f?rm?d m?r? ??lid memories wh?n th?? b?li?v?d th?? w?r? th? ?nl? ?n?? d?ing th? t??k.I n ?th?r words, Bethany Burum ?h?w?d th?t when people know th?t th?? ?r? the ?nl? ones doing ??rt?in t??k?, th?? r?m?mb?r thing? b?tt?r th?n those wh? w?r? told th?? were merely du?li??ting th? t??k? ?f others.In f??t, most g?niu??? ?nd r?n?wn?d mu?i??l prodigies, ?rti?t? ?nd writ?r? valued th?ir ??litud? almost t? a f?ultâ€"??litud? allowed th?m t? focus ?nd r?g?rd th?ir ?r?ft ?? ??ri?u?l? as if th?? w?r? the only ?n?? in the w?rld wh? ?r? h?ving ?t it.6. Cultivates Self-LoveWe feel l?n?l? when w? ?r? not und?r?t??d b? others, but when w? und?r?t?nd ourselves, w? d?n’t ?x???t ?r n??d ?v?r??n? to und?r?t?nd u?.W? ?r? firm in ?ur??lv??, r??lizing th?t w? are ?n?ugh. The n??d f?r approval fr?m ?th?r? f?ll? ?w?? ?? we find m?r? ???ur?n?? in ourselves.F??ling the l??k ?f positive feedback from ?th?r? can b? diffi?ult ?t fir?t, but unl??? w? ??mmit t? l?ving ?ur??lv?? with?ut ???ur?n?? fr?m ?ut?id?, w? will ?lw??? b? d???nd?nt ?n ???r?v?l from ?th?r? t? feel w?rth? ?r l?v?bl?.Solitude i ? a w?? to ??mmit t? loving our ??lf m?r?; w? take th? tim? we need t? be ?bl? t? engage in our lif? from a d????r, more meaningful ?l???.7. Giving Your Mind What It Needs On DemandTim? ?l?n? allows u? to ?rd?r our priorities ????rding t? wh?t we n??d, r?th?r th?n th? n??d? ?f ?th?r? five billion ????l? out there.“The ??r?digm experience of ??litud? i? a state ?h?r??t?riz?d b? di??ng?g?m?nt fr?m th? immediate d?m?nd? ?f other ????l?â€"? state ?f reduced ???i?l inhibiti?n ?nd increased fr??d?m t? ??l??t ?n?’? m?nt?l and physical ??tiviti??,” writ? r????r?h?r? Chri?t??h?r L?ng and James Averill.In ?th?r words, when ??u’r? ?bl? t? di??ng?g? from the demands of ?th?r ????l?, you’ve suddenly freed up th? m?nt?l ????? to f??u? ?n longer-term, bigger-picture ?r?j??t? that ??u need for ??ur??lf ?nd not f?r th? ?th?r 5 billi?n people ?ut th?r?.8. Reduced StressM?d?rn life ??n b? so utt?rl? ?tr???fulâ€"?v?r?wh?r? ??u turn, ??m??n?’? h?nking hi? ??r, ??r??ming, singing, playing hi? digit?l music ?l???r ?t full v?lum?, even the sidewalk shops ??m??t? with ?n? another to g?t ????l?’? attention thr?ugh ?i??d ?ut mu?i?.N?t to m?nti?n th? various urb?n noises th?t ????ult our ??n??? everydayâ€"the dr?n? ?f vehicle’s engines, th? bl?r? ?f a multitud? of m??hin?? that ?urr?und us.Of th? b?n?fit? of ??litud?, th? most important is its ??w?r t? ?limin?t? ?tr??? b? r?m?ving the stressors.Taking time t? b? ?l?n? for a few m?m?nt?â€"m??b? in th? middl? ?f th? ??rk on a ?unn? d??â€"??n imm?n??l? help in h?l?ing you r?g?in ??ur m?nt?l ??ntr?.9. Supports Healthy RelationshipsOur most significant r?l?ti?n?hi? i? ?ur relationship with our ??lf.If w? ?r? happy ?nd ?t peace with ?ur ??lf, then we ??n ?ultiv?t? h??lth? r?l?ti?n?hi?? with others. If w? ?r? n?t ??nt?nt with ?ur self, w? will n?v?r find ??ti?f??ti?n from those ?r?und us.On?? w? b???m? grounded in ?ur ?wn b?ing w? can reach gr??t?r depths with ?th?r?; r?l?ting t? others b???u?? w? w?nt t?, n?t because we n??d ?? ?r?v?l ?r security.Wh?n we ?r? full in ourselves, w? don’t seek ??m??n? t? fill th? ?m?tin???.L??king t? others t? m??t our needs leads t? ??-d???nd?n??, but ?th?r? are n?t r????n?ibl? f?r ?ur w?ll-b?ing. Solitude h?l?? us learn t? b? m?r? ????unt?bl? f?r ourselves, t? no b? hurt when others d?n’t ?r?vid? th? attention that w? desire.When ??m?thing from outside f??l? lik? it’s n?t w?rking, we l??rn t? ?hift ?ur ?tt?nti?n in?id? and ??kn?wl?dg? wh?t in?id? of us i? n?t w?rking.B?ing comfortable in ??litud? ?h?w u? th?t we can connect t? ?ur??lv??, and thi? makes u? b?tt?r ?bl? t? connect with ?th?r?.In ??litud?, w? ?l?w d?wn our m?nt?l and ?m?ti?n?l processes; ?ur ?bilit? t? feel ?m??th? and our willingness to f??? ?h?ll?ng?? in r?l?ti?n?hi?? in?r?????.A? we t?k? time out t? tr?n?f?rm ?ur??lv??, w? ??n better commit t? h?l?ing tr?n?f?rm one ?n?th?r.We l??rn that relationships are n?t ?b?ut ???nding as much tim? together as possible, but b?ing m?r? ?r???nt in th? tim? ??u ?r? wi th ?th?r?.F?rming a ??lid b?nd with our ??lf shouldn’t t?k? ?w?? fr?m ?th?r relationships, rather, it a makes u? m?r? ?uth?nti? in our int?r??ti?n? â€" ?ll?wing ???h ??r??n to be present with th? ?th?r whil? b?ing responsible f?r th?m??lv??.Wh?n tw? ??m?l?t? ????l? interact, they take responsibility f?r themselves and ?wn wh?t i? g?ing ?n in?id? th?m, ???ing t?n?i?n and bl?m? th?t often occurs in relationships.B? spending tim? ?l?n?, w? ?l?? g?in a greater appreciation ?f th? m?m?nt? w? d? spend with ?th?r?. We are ???i?l creatures; there needs t? be a b?l?n?? between ??litud? ?nd int?r??ti?n? with people.Wh?n we have this b?l?n??, w? can f??l m?r? gr?titud? f?r th? r?l?ti?n?hi?? w? h?v? ?nd r???iv? m?r? n?uri?hm?nt fr?m ?ur int?r??ti?n? with ?th?r?.“W? n??d ???i?t?, ?nd we n??d solitude ?l??, ?? w? n??d ?umm?r ?nd winter, d?? ?nd night, ?x?r?i?? and rest.”Phili? Gilbert H?m?rt?nHOW TO GET SOME SOLITUDENow th?t w? kn?w how b?n?fi?i?l solitude is, h?w d? w? get some ??litud??A. Silence Isn’t That Bad, Begin To Appreciate ItIts ?? simple ?? turning ?ff th? ?ut?id? n?i??, n?m?l? ?l??tr?ni??.T?d??? digit?l w?rld m??n? we have th? ????rtunit? to b? ??n?t?ntl? surrounded by n?i??, M?rin ??id. Our electronics help u? stay ??n?t?ntl? connected, and it often t?k?? ?xtr? effort t? find a few quiet minutes ???h d??.On?? ??ur? ??mf?rt?bl? in a ??m?l?t?l? silent environment, ??u ??n b?gin u?ing it t? ??ur ?dv?nt?g?.B. Be Alone With Your Thoughts A Couple Of Times A DayF?r m?n? ????l?, ?l?wing d?wn seems lik? a waste of time, she ??id. But ?ur brains need a chance t? ?r????? whats g?ing ?n around u?.All it t?k?? i? finding 10 minut?? ???h day to ?ll?w your br?in t? r?l?x ?nd ?r????? th? d??, M?rin ??id. With tim?, you lik?l? wont f??l that youre b?ing unproductive.C. Make An Appointment With YourselfWh? n?t use ??ur ?l?n? tim? t? d? ??m?thing ??u l?v?? Tim? ?l?n? d???nt have t? be l?n?l?, she ??id. It ??uld be th? key t? g?tting t? kn?w ??ur??lf better.M?k? a r???rv ?ti?n f?r ?n? at ??ur f?v?urit? restaurant, ?r go ?n a hike. Ju?t b? ?ur? t? ?il?n?? ??ur ?h?n? ?nd treat yourself with the ??m? r?????t ??ud giv? ??m??n? else, ?h? ??id.D. Meditate As Often As PossibleMeditation benefits ??ur body ?nd ??ur mind, M?rin said. Learning to meditate int?n??l? ??n take tim?, but ?h? ?ff?r? a simple, thr??-?t?? b?ginn?r? guid? in h?r b??k:Sit in a relaxed ?nd comfortable ???iti?n that ?ll?w? you t? k??? your ??in? ?tr?ight.F??u? ?n taking d???, ?l?w breaths, ?nd really feel your br??th as you inhale ?nd ?xh?l?.Return ??n??i?u?n??? to ??ur breath because ??ur mind will wander ?nd thoughts will ?nt?r your mind.E. Practice Mindfulness Skills To Focus On One Task At A TimeTh? m?r? ??u practice, the m?r? ??ull b???m? full? ?w?r?, ?nd fully ?w?k?, throughout ?ll your d?il? activities, M?rin writ??. It t?k?? practice to f??u? ?n activities as simple ?? eating ?r brushing your t??th.But w? n??d t? take a ?t?? b??k and refocus ?ur ?tt?nti?n ???n?. Ev?ntu?ll?, ??u can l??rn t? tr?in your mind to stop r??l??ing wh?t you did ???t?rd?? ?r w?rr?ing ?b?ut what you n??d to g?t done t?m?rr?w, she ??id.F. Start A Journal To Sort Out Your EmotionsA d?il? j?urn?l ??n h?l? you int?r?r?t your ?m?ti?n? ?nd id?ntif? ?nd manage ??ur ?tr???, M?rin ??id. Basically, it? a ?h?n?? t? v?nt on ????r, rather th?n to a f?mil? m?mb?r or fri?nd.Ju?t a f?w sentences ???h d?? about what ??u did ?r h?w youre f??ling ??n h?l? ??u ?t?? ?n tr??k, and it ?ft?n promotes h??ling, ???rk? creativity, and ?tr?ngth?n? your r???lv? to reach ??ur g??l?, ?h? ??id.G. Reflect On Your Progress And Goals DailyLong-term goals r??uir? ??u t? h?v? h??lth? habits th?t you ?r??ti?? ?n a d?il? basis, Morin ??id.And r?fl??ting ?n your g??l? every d?? can h?l? remind ??u ?f wh? you w?nt t? r???h th?m.INSPIRATIONAL QUOTES ABOUT SOLITUDE THAT WILL INSPIRE YOU TO FIND AND SPEND TIME ALONE TODAY“I think that I cannot preserve m? h??lth ?nd spirits, unl??? I ???nd f?ur hours a d?? ?t least â€" and it i? commonly m?r? th?n that â€" sauntering through th? woods and ?v?r th? hill? ?nd fi?ld?, ?b??lut?l? fr?? fr?m all w?rldl? ?ng?g?m?nt?.” â€" H?nr? David Thoreau“W? live in a v?r? tense ???i?t?. W? ?r? ?ull?d apart… ?nd w? all need t? l??rn h?w t? ?ull ?ur??lv?? together…. I think that ?t least ??rt ?f the ?n?w?r lies in ??litud?.” â€" Helen H????“It i? only when we ?il?nt th? bl?ring ??und? of our d?il? ?xi?t?n?? th?t we ??n fin?ll? h??r th? whi???r? of truth th?t life r?v??l? t? u?, as it ?t?nd? kn??king ?n th? d??r?t??? ?f ?ur h??rt?.” â€" K.T. J?ng“Onl? in quiet w?t?r? d? thing mirr?r themselves undi?t?rt?d. Onl? in a quiet mind i? ?d??u?t? perception ?f th? world” â€" H?n? M?rg?liu?“When w? ??nn?t b??r t? be alone, it m??n? w? d? not ?r???rl? v?lu? th? only ??m??ni?n we will h?v? fr?m birth t? death â€" ?ur??lv??.” â€" Ed? L?Sh?n“I’m n?t anti-social. I’m pro-solitude.” â€" Auth?r Unkn?wn“Th? h???i??t ?f all lives is a bu?? ??litud?.” â€" Vol taire“True ?il?n?? i? th? r??t ?f th? mind, and i? to th? spirit what ?l??? i? to th? b?d?, n?uri?hm?nt ?nd r?fr??hm?nt.” â€" Willi?m P?nn“R??ding w?ll is ?n? ?f th? gr??t ?l???ur?? th?t ??litud? ??n afford ??u.” â€" H?r?ld BloomCONCLUSIVELYTh?r? is a reason intr?v?rt’? ?x??ri?n?? a d??? ??n?? ?f satisfaction, ?v?n j??, in solitary ?ur?uit?, ?nd it i? n?t because th?r? i? ??m?thing wr?ng with them.It i? b???u?? they ?r?, b? n?tur?, d??ign?d to g?n?r?t? life energy in this m?nn?r.

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Ships have been around for thousands of years, we used them to conquer other countries, to transport food and people, and for our enjoyment. Every ship that has been made, was unique. The Vikings made ships in different sizes, shapes, and made out of different types of wood. Ships have evolved from a huge row boat, to a steam boat, to a huge engine and with lots of little changes in between. We always need someone to make sure that those ships are running perfect and that it will make it home safe. Those people that work in the ships are called Marine Engineers they are the ones that make sure the ships will make it home. One very important marine engineer was Robert Fulton he was the person who created the steam boat and first to try and put an engine on a boat. Even though we have been making bigger and better ships we still look back at the older ships and how the Marine Engineering began and how our ships have changed. Boats were made before 4000 BC but most of these boats were rafts, logs of bamboo, bundles of reeds, air filled animal skins tied together to float down the river or any little body of water. The first boat was a hallowed out log that was like a canoe. That was estimated to be made around 8000 BC. The sail boat was made around 4000 BC it was made out little logs tied together with intestine and leaves. They made a sail out of reeds, this boat was called the Egyptian reed boats. By 2500 BC the Egyptians started to make ships bigger and out of wood thatShow MoreRelated The Importance and History of the Steam Engine Essay3541 Words   |  15 Pagesenergies of the human race.~Robert H. Thurston The steam engine can easily be considered the single most important invention of the entire industrial revolution. There is not one part of industry present in todays society that can be examined without coming across some type of reference or dependence upon the steam engine. But, who deserves the credit for this great invention? Some give the credit to James Watt while others claim that Thomas Newcomen was the original inventor. HoweverRead MoreSteam Engine4823 Words   |  20 Pagesphysical energies of the human race.~Robert H. Thurston   Ã‚  Ã‚  The steam engine can easily be considered the single most important invention of the entire industrial revolution.   There is not one part of industry present in todays society that can be examined without coming across some type of reference or dependence upon the steam engine.   But, who deserves the credit for this great invention?   Some give the credit to James Watt while others claim that Thomas Newcomen was the original inventor.   HoweverRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesrecession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictable culmination of the long nineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late 1700s. But at the same time, without serious attention to the processes and misguided policies that led to decades of agrarian and industrial depression from the late 1860s to the

DefaultTableModel Class in Java Stores Data for the JTable

TheDefaultTableModel class is a subclass of the AbstractTableModel. As the name suggests it is the table model that is used by a JTable when no table model is specifically defined by the programmer. The DefaultTableModel stores the data for the JTable in a Vector of Vectors. Although theVector is a legacy Java collection it is still supported and there is no issue with using it unless the additional overhead caused by using a synchronized collection is a problem for your Java application. The advantage of using theDefaultTableModel over a custom AbstractTableModel is you dont have to code the methods like add, insert or delete rows and columns. They already exist to change the data held in the Vector of Vectors. This makes it a quick and easy table model to implement. Import Statement import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel; Constructors TheDefaultTableModel class has six constructors. Each can be used to populate of the DefaultTableModel in different ways. The first constructor takes no arguments and creates aDefaultTableModel which has no data, zero columns and zero rows: DefaultTableModel defTableModel DefaultTableModel(); The next constructor can be used to specify the number of rows and columns of aDefaultTableModel with no data: DefaultTableModel defTableModel DefaultTableModel(10, 10); There are two constructors that can be used to create aDefaultTableModel with column names and a specified number of rows (all containing null values). One uses an ​Object array to hold the column names, the other ​a Vector: String[] columnNames {Column 1,Column 2,Column 3}; DefaultTableModel defTableModel DefaultTableModel(columnNames, 10); or DefaultTableModel defTableModel DefaultTableModel(columnNames, 10); Finally there are two constructors used to populate theDefaultTableModel with row data along with column names. One used Object arrays, the other Vectors: Object[][] data {{1,1,1},{2,2,2},{3,3,3},{4,4,4}}; String[] columnNames {Column 1,Column 2,Column 3}; DefaultTableModel defTableModel DefaultTableModel(data, columnNames); or Vector rowData new Vector(); rowData.add(1); Vector data new Vector(); data.add(0, rowData); Vector columnNames new Vector(); columnNames.add(Column 1); DefaultTableModel defTableModel DefaultTableModel(data, columnNames); Useful Methods To add a row to theDefaultTableModel use the addRow method along with the row data to add: Object[] newRowData {5,5,5,5}; defTableModel.addRow(newRowData); To insert a row use theinsertRow method, specifying the row index to insert and the row data: Object[] insertRowData {2.5,2.5,2.5,2.5}; defTableModel.insertRow(2,insertRowData); To delete a row use theremoveRow method, specifying the row index to delete: defTableModel.removeRow(0); To get a value in a table cell use thegetValueAt method. For example, if the data at row 2, column 2 contains an int: int value tabModel.getValueAt(2, 2); To set a value in a table cellsetValueAt method with the value to set along with the row and column index: defTableModel.setValueAt(8888, 3, 2); Usage Tips If aJTable is created using the constructor that is passed a two-dimensional array containing the row data and an array containing the column names: Object[][] data {{1,1,1},{2,2,2},{3,3,3},{4,4,4}}; String[] columnNames {Column 1,Column 2,Column 3}; JTable exampleJTable new JTable(data, columnNames); then the following cast will not work: DefaultTableModel dft (DefaultTableModel)exampleJTable.getModel(); A runtimeClassCastException will be thrown because in this instance the DefaultTableModel is declared as an anonymous inner class in the JTable object and cannot be cast. It can only be cast to the TableModel interface. A way around this is to create your own DefaultTableModel and set it to be the model of the JTable: JTable exampleJTable new JTable(); DefaultTableModel defTableModel new DefaultTableModel(data, columnNames); exampleJTable.setModel(defTableModel); Then theDefaultTableModel defTableModel can be used to manipulate the data in the JTable. To see theDefaultTableModel in action have a look at the DefaultTableModel Example Program.

Natural Born Killers Capitalism Free Essays

Natural Born Killers Natural Born Killers (Warner Bros. Pictures, 1994) is a film directed by Oliver Stone. The story is about Mickey and Mallory Knox, two serial killers that travel across America on a killing spree which elevates them from criminals into international media celebrities. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Born Killers Capitalism or any similar topic only for you Order Now The story sounds like a modern day Bonnie and Clyde (Warner Bros. Pictures, 1967), however Mickey and Mallory’s crimes are much more severe and without cause. Stone intended the film to be a critique on a culture obsessed with violence and the media’s glorification of violence. In Chaos Rising: The Storm Around Natural Born Killers’ (Warner Bros. Pictures, 1994) Stone explains â€Å"What I was doing was pointing the finger at the system that feeds off violence, and at the media that package it for mass consumption. † Unfortunately, many people perceived the message of Natural Born Killers as a glorification of violence. The film even inspired several copycat killings. The film Natural Born Killers was intended to critique a culture obsessed with violence, yet inspired murders. The reason this film was decoded so differently by some viewers was due to social stereotypes imposed by capitalist ideology. How an audience perceives a message from a text is through the process of decoding. Those who produce a text encode it with messages and meanings through the use of semiotics. When the audience receives a text, they then decode and identify these meanings through the signs and signifiers. Morley (1992, p. 53) explains that meaning in a text is generated through two main factors. The first factor is the way a text is encoded through semiotics. This can invite certain readings and block others. The second is the social background of the receiver, which can be studied sociologically. The interaction of these two constraining structures will define the notion that a text can be interpreted in an infinite number of individual ways. Stuart Hall’s work on the role of social positions in the interpretation of mass media texts also helps explain this. His work was based around the three different ways a viewer can decode a text. The first is the dominant reading. This is when the reader shares the text’s code and accepts the intended reading. The second is the negotiated reading, which is when the reader partly accepts the intended reading but not completely. The reader then modifies it in a way that reflects their own position, experience sand interests. The third is the oppositional reading, which is when the reader’s social situation causes them to oppose the dominant code. They understand the intended reading but don’t agree with the code and reject the intended meaning, causing them to develop their own interpretation of the text. On March 6th 1995, teen couple Ben Darras and Sarah Edmondson shot a local businessman in Oklahoma. They then drove to Louisiana where they also shot a store store clerk. After their arrest, the couple said that they had been taking acid and watching Natural Born Killers several times. Upon Darras’s arrest he also shouted the words â€Å"I’m a natural born killer man†. Since the release of Natural Born Killers it has been linked to 8 murders. Each of the murderers shared the same lower class social position, and passion for the film. What can Hall and Morley’s work tell us about how this film was decoded so differently from its intended meaning by these adolescents? Hall (1977, p. 182) explains that texts are polysemic, meaning they may be read differently by different people depending on their identity, cultural background and personal opinions. Traditionally in film, those who commit acts of violence are villains who get punished for their crimes, while the police are seen as heroes. In this film the police are violent; one being a murderer himself. Throughout the film, Mickey and Mallory slaughter without reason yet by the end of the film they gain sympathy and likeability from the audience. An oppressed lower class audience may see Mickey and Mallory as lower class heroes as they overcome the oppressing system. Some may sympathize and relate with Mallory’s abusive upbringing. An example of this is shown in the film when Mickey and Mallory leave Mallory’s house after murdering her parents, the wallpaper displayed is an open bird cage, signifying that she is now free. In this scene the fact that they have just murdered two people is completely overshadowed by Mallory’s escape from an abusive environment. The viewer’s own personal situation, experiences and beliefs heavily influence how they decode the message of this film. Each of the individuals who committed copycat crimes after watching Natural Born Killers came from lower class social backgrounds. This implies that the social conditions that the lower classes endure under capitalism have a direct relation to why these individuals received the oppositional reading of the text. Natural Born Killers dwells on the fact that the two protagonists come from a lower class family, are uneducated, and how capitalist society associates people in this situation with crime. In the film Mickey calls himself a ‘natural born killer’ as he was born into the lower class, therefore society assumes he is a natural born criminal. He explains, â€Å"I was thrown into a flaming pit of scum, forgotten by God. † In this instance, Mickey refers to society and the members of it collectively as ‘God’. The use of semiotics to express this point is quite strong. Signs such as the way Mickey and Mallory speak, the way they dress, how they are groomed and the families that they come from signify that both are a part of the lower class. Other important characters in the film, such as officer Scagnetti, warden McClusky and reporter Wayne Gale wear suits, speak well and are also well groomed. Several shots in the film such as Wayne Gale trimming his nose hairs and McClusky combing his moustache are used to emphasize their appearance and social status. These characters are portrayed like this to signify that they are higher within the capitalist social hierarchy. All three seek control over Mickey and Mallory for personal gain, implying that the higher classes seek to control the lower class. As the film addresses the difference in occupation of classes in a capitalist society, it also addresses the aspiration levels of the lower class. As revealed previously, Mickey explains that society turned its back on him. He also states â€Å"I came from violence, it was in my blood. My dad had it, his dad had it. It’s just my fate. † Here Mickey is saying that he came from a lower class, as did his father and grandfather. He is also saying that to remain in this social status is just his ‘fate’, meaning the social norm. Hollingshead (2007, p. 285) explains that children have limited their horizons to the class horizon, and in the process they have unconsciously placed themselves in such a position that they will occupy the same levels as their parents. This being a direct effect of the capitalist ideology as Reissman (1953, p. 233) puts it, the proletarian can have no aspirations under capitalism, but instead must come to identify with their own class and aspire to an entirely different system of values. This entirely different ystem of values Reissman is referring to is that in many cases the lower class youth will pursue the quick rise to success and fame. In Natural Born Killers, Mickey and Mallory become international celebrities through their actions, they have fans and fame by taking the ‘short route’, regardless of the means used to get there. Williams and Mcshane (199 3 p. 52) state that the lower class youth may be associated with and aspire to become a â€Å"policy king†: â€Å"I want to be a big shot†¦ have all of the guys look up to me. Have a couple of lincolns, lots of broads and all of the coppers licking my shoes. As Natural Born Killers points the finger at the media for the glorification of violence, it also points a finger at capitalism for restraining the lower classes aspirations and confining them to a life of crime. Tshiwula (1998, p. 27) also shares this theory as she explains â€Å"capitalism is the root for the cause of much criminal behavior, particularly in crimes committed by the lower class. † Stuart Hall and David Morley’s work suggest that an individual’s social status can greatly influence how a text is decoded and the message they receive from it, regardless of the intended meaning. This suggests that people in a lower social status may see the antagonists as lower class heroes as they can relate to their situation. Semiotics in the film was used to signify the social gap between Mickey and Mallory, Wayne Gale, warden McClusky and officer Scagnetti. This explores the stereotypes of social status in capitalist ideology. The film’s references to the lower class being confined to a life of crime and having restricted aspirations inform us that these factors are imposed by capitalism. Unfortunately, these points are still valid in modern society. Many people who come from low income families believe that having the occupation they desire is unachievable due to their social/financial status. This isn’t necessarily true, however people in this situation may think this due to what the rest of society thinks of them. Not only is the intended message of Natural Born Killers important in making people realize the media’s glorification of violence, but also the message of lower class stereotypes and how they affect the individuals within that class. This text also provides us with an extreme example of how a text can be decoded by different individuals. It’s safe to say that the oppositional reading of Natural Born Killers was a direct result of capitalist ideology and its influence on lower class individuals. References Hall, S. (1977) Culture, The Media and the ‘Ideological Effect’. America: Open University Hollingshead, A. (2007). Elmtown’s Youth – The Impact of Social Classes on Adolescents. Chicago, America: Case Press Morley, D. (1992). Television Audiences and Cultural Studies. New York, America: Routledge Penn, A. (Director) Newman, D. (Writer) (1967). Bonnie and Clyde [Motion Picture]. America: Warner Bros. Pictures Reissman, L. (1953). American Sociological Review: Volume 18. America: American Sociological Association Stone, O. (Director/Producer) Tarantino, Q. (Writer) (1994). Natural Born Killers [Motion Picture]. America: Warner Bros. Pictures Tshiwula, L. (1998). Crime and Delinquency. Pretoria, South Africa: Kagiso Publishers Williams, F. P. , McShane, M. D (1993). Criminology Theory. America: Anderson Publishing Co How to cite Natural Born Killers Capitalism, Essay examples Natural Born Killers Capitalism Free Essays Natural Born Killers Natural Born Killers (Warner Bros. Pictures, 1994) is a film directed by Oliver Stone. The story is about Mickey and Mallory Knox, two serial killers that travel across America on a killing spree which elevates them from criminals into international media celebrities. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Born Killers Capitalism or any similar topic only for you Order Now The story sounds like a modern day Bonnie and Clyde (Warner Bros. Pictures, 1967), however Mickey and Mallory’s crimes are much more severe and without cause. Stone intended the film to be a critique on a culture obsessed with violence and the media’s glorification of violence. In Chaos Rising: The Storm Around Natural Born Killers’ (Warner Bros. Pictures, 1994) Stone explains â€Å"What I was doing was pointing the finger at the system that feeds off violence, and at the media that package it for mass consumption. † Unfortunately, many people perceived the message of Natural Born Killers as a glorification of violence. The film even inspired several copycat killings. The film Natural Born Killers was intended to critique a culture obsessed with violence, yet inspired murders. The reason this film was decoded so differently by some viewers was due to social stereotypes imposed by capitalist ideology. How an audience perceives a message from a text is through the process of decoding. Those who produce a text encode it with messages and meanings through the use of semiotics. When the audience receives a text, they then decode and identify these meanings through the signs and signifiers. Morley (1992, p. 53) explains that meaning in a text is generated through two main factors. The first factor is the way a text is encoded through semiotics. This can invite certain readings and block others. The second is the social background of the receiver, which can be studied sociologically. The interaction of these two constraining structures will define the notion that a text can be interpreted in an infinite number of individual ways. Stuart Hall’s work on the role of social positions in the interpretation of mass media texts also helps explain this. His work was based around the three different ways a viewer can decode a text. The first is the dominant reading. This is when the reader shares the text’s code and accepts the intended reading. The second is the negotiated reading, which is when the reader partly accepts the intended reading but not completely. The reader then modifies it in a way that reflects their own position, experience sand interests. The third is the oppositional reading, which is when the reader’s social situation causes them to oppose the dominant code. They understand the intended reading but don’t agree with the code and reject the intended meaning, causing them to develop their own interpretation of the text. On March 6th 1995, teen couple Ben Darras and Sarah Edmondson shot a local businessman in Oklahoma. They then drove to Louisiana where they also shot a store store clerk. After their arrest, the couple said that they had been taking acid and watching Natural Born Killers several times. Upon Darras’s arrest he also shouted the words â€Å"I’m a natural born killer man†. Since the release of Natural Born Killers it has been linked to 8 murders. Each of the murderers shared the same lower class social position, and passion for the film. What can Hall and Morley’s work tell us about how this film was decoded so differently from its intended meaning by these adolescents? Hall (1977, p. 182) explains that texts are polysemic, meaning they may be read differently by different people depending on their identity, cultural background and personal opinions. Traditionally in film, those who commit acts of violence are villains who get punished for their crimes, while the police are seen as heroes. In this film the police are violent; one being a murderer himself. Throughout the film, Mickey and Mallory slaughter without reason yet by the end of the film they gain sympathy and likeability from the audience. An oppressed lower class audience may see Mickey and Mallory as lower class heroes as they overcome the oppressing system. Some may sympathize and relate with Mallory’s abusive upbringing. An example of this is shown in the film when Mickey and Mallory leave Mallory’s house after murdering her parents, the wallpaper displayed is an open bird cage, signifying that she is now free. In this scene the fact that they have just murdered two people is completely overshadowed by Mallory’s escape from an abusive environment. The viewer’s own personal situation, experiences and beliefs heavily influence how they decode the message of this film. Each of the individuals who committed copycat crimes after watching Natural Born Killers came from lower class social backgrounds. This implies that the social conditions that the lower classes endure under capitalism have a direct relation to why these individuals received the oppositional reading of the text. Natural Born Killers dwells on the fact that the two protagonists come from a lower class family, are uneducated, and how capitalist society associates people in this situation with crime. In the film Mickey calls himself a ‘natural born killer’ as he was born into the lower class, therefore society assumes he is a natural born criminal. He explains, â€Å"I was thrown into a flaming pit of scum, forgotten by God. † In this instance, Mickey refers to society and the members of it collectively as ‘God’. The use of semiotics to express this point is quite strong. Signs such as the way Mickey and Mallory speak, the way they dress, how they are groomed and the families that they come from signify that both are a part of the lower class. Other important characters in the film, such as officer Scagnetti, warden McClusky and reporter Wayne Gale wear suits, speak well and are also well groomed. Several shots in the film such as Wayne Gale trimming his nose hairs and McClusky combing his moustache are used to emphasize their appearance and social status. These characters are portrayed like this to signify that they are higher within the capitalist social hierarchy. All three seek control over Mickey and Mallory for personal gain, implying that the higher classes seek to control the lower class. As the film addresses the difference in occupation of classes in a capitalist society, it also addresses the aspiration levels of the lower class. As revealed previously, Mickey explains that society turned its back on him. He also states â€Å"I came from violence, it was in my blood. My dad had it, his dad had it. It’s just my fate. † Here Mickey is saying that he came from a lower class, as did his father and grandfather. He is also saying that to remain in this social status is just his ‘fate’, meaning the social norm. Hollingshead (2007, p. 285) explains that children have limited their horizons to the class horizon, and in the process they have unconsciously placed themselves in such a position that they will occupy the same levels as their parents. This being a direct effect of the capitalist ideology as Reissman (1953, p. 233) puts it, the proletarian can have no aspirations under capitalism, but instead must come to identify with their own class and aspire to an entirely different system of values. This entirely different ystem of values Reissman is referring to is that in many cases the lower class youth will pursue the quick rise to success and fame. In Natural Born Killers, Mickey and Mallory become international celebrities through their actions, they have fans and fame by taking the ‘short route’, regardless of the means used to get there. Williams and Mcshane (199 3 p. 52) state that the lower class youth may be associated with and aspire to become a â€Å"policy king†: â€Å"I want to be a big shot†¦ have all of the guys look up to me. Have a couple of lincolns, lots of broads and all of the coppers licking my shoes. As Natural Born Killers points the finger at the media for the glorification of violence, it also points a finger at capitalism for restraining the lower classes aspirations and confining them to a life of crime. Tshiwula (1998, p. 27) also shares this theory as she explains â€Å"capitalism is the root for the cause of much criminal behavior, particularly in crimes committed by the lower class. † Stuart Hall and David Morley’s work suggest that an individual’s social status can greatly influence how a text is decoded and the message they receive from it, regardless of the intended meaning. This suggests that people in a lower social status may see the antagonists as lower class heroes as they can relate to their situation. Semiotics in the film was used to signify the social gap between Mickey and Mallory, Wayne Gale, warden McClusky and officer Scagnetti. This explores the stereotypes of social status in capitalist ideology. The film’s references to the lower class being confined to a life of crime and having restricted aspirations inform us that these factors are imposed by capitalism. Unfortunately, these points are still valid in modern society. Many people who come from low income families believe that having the occupation they desire is unachievable due to their social/financial status. This isn’t necessarily true, however people in this situation may think this due to what the rest of society thinks of them. Not only is the intended message of Natural Born Killers important in making people realize the media’s glorification of violence, but also the message of lower class stereotypes and how they affect the individuals within that class. This text also provides us with an extreme example of how a text can be decoded by different individuals. It’s safe to say that the oppositional reading of Natural Born Killers was a direct result of capitalist ideology and its influence on lower class individuals. References Hall, S. (1977) Culture, The Media and the ‘Ideological Effect’. America: Open University Hollingshead, A. (2007). Elmtown’s Youth – The Impact of Social Classes on Adolescents. Chicago, America: Case Press Morley, D. (1992). Television Audiences and Cultural Studies. New York, America: Routledge Penn, A. (Director) Newman, D. (Writer) (1967). Bonnie and Clyde [Motion Picture]. America: Warner Bros. Pictures Reissman, L. (1953). American Sociological Review: Volume 18. America: American Sociological Association Stone, O. (Director/Producer) Tarantino, Q. (Writer) (1994). Natural Born Killers [Motion Picture]. America: Warner Bros. Pictures Tshiwula, L. (1998). Crime and Delinquency. Pretoria, South Africa: Kagiso Publishers Williams, F. P. , McShane, M. D (1993). Criminology Theory. America: Anderson Publishing Co How to cite Natural Born Killers Capitalism, Papers

Use of Irony in the Rocking-Horse Winner free essay sample

Use of Irony- Enhancement By Janice Lai A story is comprised of literary elements and literary devices. The basic literary elements of a story are setting, character, conflict, point of view, plot and theme. A story must have all these elements in order to become a fully developed story. Aside from these elements, writers often use literary devices to enhance the story, perhaps making the story more popular. Irony, a statement meaning the opposite of what is written literally when taken in context is one of the popular literary devices used. R. H. Lawrence also uses various ironies in his short story, Rocking-Horse Winner. Consequently, the various ironies in the story Rocking-House Winner effectively help to enhance the story by further developing the literary elements. First of all, R. H. Lawrence uses irony to strengthen the setting and the conflict in order to create a stronger developed story. In the beginning of the story, the audience is introduced to the environment of the family. We will write a custom essay sample on Use of Irony in the Rocking-Horse Winner or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They attempt to be recognized as a high class by living in a stylish house and buying luxuries items. However, the parents both have a small income and the family always complains there is a shortage of money. As the author describes, â€Å"There was always the grinding sense of the shortage of money, though the style was always kept up. † This setting is ironic since if there is a shortage of money, the family would save up instead of spending to keep them in style. This ironic setting, indeed, introduces the conflict, since this continual massive spending will lead the family into financial problems. As a result, this use of irony effectively establishes the setting and introduces to the conflict of the story. Furthermore, irony is also used to enhance the plot. When Uncle Oscar finds out his nephew Paul is involved in horse race betting, he asks Paul for a potential winning horse. However, Uncle Oscar does not believe in him so he only bet a small amount of money. This is ironic since although Uncle Oscar finds out his nephew is brilliant in betting, he still doesn’t trust Paul’s decision. This proves it is unbelievable that such a child can excel in horse race betting which further enhances the plot by creating anxiety in reader if Paul is able to win so much money in horse race betting. Consequently, by creating anxiety in the audience, the irony further makes the story better. Aside from the previous ironies, the author also utilizes irony to enhance the setting and plot. When Paul gives some of the money he wins to his mother with an excuse as a trust fund, instead of stopping the whispers of â€Å"There must be more money†, the whispers grow to â€Å"There must be more money! More than ever! More than ever! † This clearly reveals the setting of this story in which the family is materialistic and longs for money. This builds up the conflict since Paul will be pressurized to find more money leading to the climax of this story. This irony will also create suspense since the audience will wonder what Paul will do to gain more money. Consequently, the irony indeed enhances the story by creating suspense, revealing the setting and thus building up the conflict. Lastly, R. H. Lawrence also uses irony to develop characterization and the rising action of the story. When Paul struggles to go to the Derby, his mother blames Bassett and Uncle Oscar for influencing Paul into these races. However, it is ironic since it is her who caused all these troubles. If she does not long for money and does not entirely spend the 5000 pounds given to her as a trust fund, then Paul will not be involved in the horse race betting. As a result, this irony reveals the character of his mother. She does not realize that her living style and the constant whisperings of â€Å"There must be more money! † does create a problem for the family and put pressure on Paul. She does not realize that her materialistic personality is a problem. This irony also strengthens the rising action of the story. Aside from the pressure put on Paul by Uncle Oscar, his mother also puts pressure on Paul by telling him to stay away from the horse races. All these pressure intensify the rising action in order to advance the story to the climax point. Therefore, by revealing characterization and the plot, this irony further strengthens the whole story. In all, in the story, Rocking Horse Winner, written by R. H. Lawrence, it uses various ironies to enhance the story by further developing the literary elements. In the beginning, the author uses the irony of the family’s living style to introduce the setting and conflict. Later, irony is used to develop the plot and create suspense. During the rising action, irony is used again to build up the conflict and reveal the setting. Lastly, irony is used to reveal the nature of the mother’s character and intensify the plot to advance the story to the climax point. Therefore, by using these ironies effectively, R. H. Lawrence is able to make his story more intensified and suspenseful. This is why many authors use ironies to enhance their story. A story must have all the basic elements, but to make it a ‘good’ story, one must use literary devices to enhance the story.